Most museum fires begin as a result of human neglect and carelessness, or are intentionally set. Museums, libraries, archives and private collections are vulnerable to fire from a number of internal and external sources. increased) significantly by the state of the degradation of the materials." Water damage causes a variety of preservation concerns, including but not limited to: discoloration, cracking, softening, matting, distortion, mold growth, delamination, and swelling.įire is a risk to both objects and their collections, both humans and inanimate objects. In addition, the vulnerability of individual objects to water can be affected (i.e. This situation is complicated by the combination and range of materials that may comprise each object. "A great many of the materials that museum objects are made of are highly susceptible to contact with water and can be severely damaged by even brief contact, while others may be exposed to water for longer periods without harm. Many cases of water damage can be traced to accidents or neglect. Water causes damage and results from natural occurrences, technological hazards, or mechanical failures. du Pont Crowninshield Research Building at Winterthur. This is an intensive three-year program, with facilities including conservation studios, laboratories, examination rooms and workshops available to students and faculty. Conservation skills are now being taught at institutions such as the master's degree program in art conservation at Winterthur and the University of Delaware, located in Newark, Delaware. Over time, object conservation as a profession has developed to the point where specialization for objects and the materials out of which they are made have become the standard of modern conservation. Conservation in its early history was conducted by skilled craftsman and tradesman who could repair and return the objects back into a useful working or exhibition condition. Object conservation has been around ever since people have been amassing and assembling collections for others to enjoy. See also: List of dates in the history of art conservation This classification of material includes archaeological, ethnographic, historical, sculpture, decorative arts, and contemporary art. This type of conservator is differentiated from other specialists because they treat a broad range of objects and material types. Object conservation involves the Conservation-restoration and preservation of a physical object. Each type of object material, typically denoted by organic or inorganic then the specific medium, requires a specialized professional conservator and often requires collaborative work between museum staff, scientists, and conservators. Historically, object conservation was focused on the category of fine arts but now many different types of objects are conserved. The purpose of preventive conservation is to maintain, and where possible enhance, the condition of an object, as well as managing deterioration risks, such as handling and environmental conditions. Conservation practice aims to prevent damage from occurring, a process known as 'preventive conservation'. Object conservation can be applied to both art objects and artifacts. The objects span a wide range of materials from a variety of cultures, time periods, and functions. Object conservation is specifically the actions taken to preserve and restore cultural objects. Activities include examination, documentation, treatment, and preventive care, which is supported by research and education. Conservation encompasses all the actions taken toward the long-term preservation of cultural heritage. Conservation and restoration of movable cultural property is a term used to denote the conservation of movable cultural property items in libraries, archives, museums and private collections.
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